MODELAGEM DE TEMPERATURA DO GERADOR FOTOVOLTAICO MONTADO SOBRE TELHADOS RESIDENCIAIS, COM BASE EM MATERIAIS DE COBERTURA COMUNS NO BRASIL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59627/cbens.2022.1098Palavras-chave:
Telhado Fotovoltaico, Transferência de Calor, Fotovoltaico ResidencialResumo
Este artigo examina o desempenho de geradores solares fotovoltaicos em telhados de edifícios residenciais. O foco principal é a perda de desempenho devido ao aumento da temperatura em função do material do telhado e da distância do gerador fotovoltaico (FV) ao telhado. Um modelo de transferência de calor foi desenvolvido para prever a temperatura do gerador FV, e as equações do modelo foram resolvidas usando o software Engineering Equation Solver (EES). A modelagem de pesquisa correlaciona a distância do gerador solar ao telhado e ao material da cobertura com as variações de temperatura no gerador fotovoltaico. Existem muitos modelos para prever a temperatura do módulo PV, mas este estudo refina a previsão pela distância do módulo PV ao telhado e o material da cobertura como variáveis. Combinações ideais de distância e materiais que minimizam a perda de aquecimento no gerador solar, levando ao aumento da geração de energia elétrica. Os resultados mostram um erro médio de 3% -4% da temperatura prevista pelo modelo até a temperatura medida em condições experimentais em Belo Horizonte, Brasil. A separação mínima do módulo do telhado necessária para garantir a perda mínima de desempenho fotovoltaico devido ao aquecimento do telhado é de aproximadamente 10 cm para telhados de cerâmica vermelha e fibrocimento. Para aço galvanizado, a distância ideal é entre 10 cm e 20 cm. O fibrocimento mostra as melhores características, previstas pelo modelo e medidas, para instalação de geradores FV entre os três telhados comerciais comuns avaliados nesse estudo. Essas investigações foram baseadas em instalações de telhado e materiais locais em Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
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