GERAÇÃO DISTRIBUÍDA E NOVOS MODELOS DE NEGÓCIOS
UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOMÉTRICA SOBRE O MODELO P2P
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59627/cbens.2024.2420Palavras-chave:
Fotovoltaica, Prossumerismo, Par-a-parResumo
A necessidade de reduzir as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, juntamente com os avanços nas tecnologias de comunicação e informação, tem impulsionado o sucesso da expansão de diversos tipos de comunidades de geração compartilhada de caráter prossumerista. Isso tem aberto espaço para a criação de novos e promissores modelos de negócios. Entre esses modelos, a transação entre pares (P2P) se destaca, visto que é capaz de atender às necessidades locais de empreendedorismo, emprego, renda e serviços ancilares, ao mesmo tempo em que contribui para a redução das emissões de carbono exigida pela crise climática global. O presente artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliométrica sobre a aplicação do modelo P2P como plataforma de transação de eletricidade gerada a partir de microssistemas fotovoltaicos (FV). Para isso, foram revisadas publicações a partir de 2015, totalizando 40 artigos científicos. Por meio da revisão desses artigos, foram determinadas suas áreas de foco, abordando os benefícios da implementação do modelo P2P, seus impulsionadores, barreiras e desafios, estudos de casos e direções futuras. Dos artigos selecionados, 25% focam na análise de modelos de negócios, 17,5% exploram os impactos do comércio de energia P2P, 45% abordam as aplicações, desafios e oportunidades e 12,5% são relacionados às tecnologias empregadas nesse tipo de modelo de negócio. Especificamente para o Brasil, os autores recomendam pesquisas capazes de mapear perfis arquetípicos individuais de produção e consumo de energia de adotantes de telhados FV, assim como suas disposições para tornarem-se prossumidores. Espera-se que tais pesquisas fomentem inovações sociotécnicas no setor elétrico, proporcionando aos consumidores maior autonomia, capacidade de comércio, e opções para gerenciar de forma inovadora suas relações com a energia.
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