SOLAR CLEAN WATER
ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION FOR WATER CONSUMPTION USING LOW COST SYSTEM FEED BY PHOTOVOLTAIC SOLAR ENERGY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59627/cbens.2012.2313Keywords:
Water disinfection, Ultraviolet Disinfection, Photovoltaic Solar EnergyAbstract
This paper presents experimental results obtained in a ultraviolet water disinfection system using a simple design, with accessible and low cost materials, using ultraviolet germicidal lamp powered by photovoltaics. The test results obtained confirm the mathematical model to obtain the maximum flow versus radiation dose needed to inactivate the microorganisms responsible for water contamination. Using the bacterium E. coli as an indicator of the quality of water, water disinfection efficiencies better than 99% were obtained. The photovoltaic system was designed to optimize the direct flow of energy, minimizing losses in the battery. This strategy, while increasing battery life, also significantly decreased the system losses and overall PV generator costs.
Downloads
References
Bolton, J. R., 1999. Ligth compendium: ultraviolet principles andapplications. EPA – Newsletter, n66, p 9-37. Brasil, 2006. Ministério da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Vigilância e controle da qualidade da água para consumo humano/ Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Ministério da Saúde, 212 p. (Série B. Textos Básicos de Saúde), Brasília.
Cohn, A., 2002. The UV-Tube as an Appropriate Water Disinfection Technology: An Assesment of Tecnical Perfomance and Potential for Dissemination. Dissertação de Mestrado, University Of California, Berkeley.
Daniel, L. A. et al. (Org.), 2001. Processos de Desinfecção e Desinfetantes Alternativos na Produção de Água Potável. São Carlos: 2001. 149 p. (Publicação do Programa em Saneamento Básico (PROSAB) INSTITUIÇÕES PARTICIPANTES EESC-USP, UFRGS, UnB, Unicamp, UFMG).
EPA (1999). Alternative Disinfectants and Oxidants Guidance Manual, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water: 346.
Hijnen, W. A. M., Beerendonk, E. F. and Medema, G. J., 2006. Inactivation credit of UV radiation for viruses, bactéria and protozoan (oo)cysts in water: A review. Water Research
Kowalski, W., 2009. Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Hankbook. Heidelberg and Berlin, Springer. Linden, K. G., Rosenfeldt, E. J., 2011. Ultraviolet Light Processes. In: AMERICAN WATER WORK
ASSOCIATION. Water Quality & Treatment: A handbook on drinking water. 6ªedition. Mc Graw Hill, Cap. 18, p. 1- 36. Denver.
OMS, Drinking-water quality. Disponível em: http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/en/. Acesso em 20/06/2011.
Rüther, R., 2004. Edifícios Solares Fotovoltaicos: o potencial da geração solar fotovoltaica integrada a edificações urbanas e interligada à rede elétrica pública no Brasil. Editora UFSC/LABSOLAR, Florianópolis. Sommer, R., 2008. Disinfection of Drinking Water by UV Irradiation: Basic Principles - Specific Requirements - International Implementations. Ozone: Science And Engineering, Vienna, p. 43-48.
Wladyslaw, K., 2009. Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook, Springer Verlag, Berlin.