EVALUATION OF METHODS FOR CHARACTERIZATION OF SECOND LIFE LITHIUM BATTERIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59627/cbens.2024.2446Keywords:
Second-Life Battery, Lithium Battery Characterization and Electric VehiclesAbstract
With the advancement of the electromobility market, substantial investments in financial and environmental resources in lithium batteries have motivated the search for alternatives to minimize this high economic and environmental cost. In this context, the proposal emerges to repurpose batteries removed from electric vehicles, known as "second-life batteries," due to their high energy and power density. These batteries can be reused in new applications with lower energy demand, such as supporting photovoltaic solar generators to provide electricity in areas isolated from the conventional electrical grid. In the face of this scenario, it becomes crucial to assess the technical characteristics of these batteries, analyzing the technical feasibility of their use, their electrical parameters, and determining their lifespan. This study aims to examine methodologies available in the literature for determining the electrical parameters of lithium batteries, select the most appropriate method, and apply it to determine the capacity and internal resistance of batteries from 2012 Nissan LEAF vehicles that served as taxis in São Paulo/SP and Rio de Janeiro/RJ for five years. The results obtained revealed reliable capacity measurement tests for the battery modules, although with a time-consuming execution. Internal resistance tests, on the other hand, were conducted more efficiently, using different current values, with the nominal battery current providing less variable results. Variations in electrical parameters were observed within the same vehicle, possibly associated with internal temperature, as well as variations between vehicles. A mathematical relationship between capacity and internal resistance was established based on the average values found in practice. It was concluded that second-life batteries represent a viable alternative to extend the lifespan of lithium batteries and optimize the production process, although large-scale characterization still presents challenges.
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