ENERGY TRANSITION FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN BRAZIL
NARRATIVES AND IMAGINARIES OF STAKEHOLDERS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59627/cbens.2024.2452Keywords:
Solar Energy, Climate Change, Climate ModelingAbstract
The research aims to understand the pathways regarding the energy transition towards sustainability in Brazil by mapping stakeholders and analyzing their positions and narratives. Information collected through semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders in the sector, articles in high-circulation newspapers, and energy planning directives provided by public institutions were analyzed using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Thematic Content Analysis (ACT) methodologies. The analyses were conducted through the Social Studies of Science and Technology (ESCT) and Energy Transition Studies for Sustainability conceptual framework. The ADC results highlighted which historical contexts, panoramas, thematic issues, and stakeholders guided the public debate about the "energy transition" between 1970 and 2020. Furthermore, it was possible to understand the narratives about sustainability developed throughout the Ten-Year Energy Expansion Plans (PDEs) published between 2006 and 2022. Based on interviews with stakeholders, the ACT showed some aspects of consensus in the Brazilian energy sector. The majority of stakeholders interviewed point out that the energy transition in Brazil is in an intermediate phase and that the political dispute is an important factor in the process. On the other hand, the interviews indicate diverse views concerning the energy transition pathways to be followed in the country. As a consequence of these factors, the difficulty of advancing simultaneously on issues related to the understanding of the transition becomes evident, especially the notions of priority of the 5Ds (Decarbonization, Decentralization, Decrease in Consumption Patterns, Democratization, and Digitalization). Interviewees suggest different paths, such as thinking about a low-carbon economy and investing in socioeconomic alternatives, maintaining the space for hydroelectric plants, evolving in distributed generation, and accelerating electrification.
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